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广东省流行性乙型脑炎 (乙脑 )经过连续 6年的低水平流行 (发病率 0 13/10万～ 0 19/10万 )后 ,2 0 0 3年发生局部地区的流行。为了解其流行病学特征 ,对当年乙脑监测资料进行了分析。结果显示 :乙脑疫情波及全省 2 1个市中的 19个市 ,乙脑发病率 0 5 0 /10万 ,病死率 7 81%。其中 4个市的病例数占全省的 6 8 4 9% ( 2 6 3/384 )。 6月为发病高峰 ,当月病例数占全年病例数的 6 5 10 %。乙脑病例中≤ 6岁占 5 7 5 5 % ,7～ 9岁占 2 9 4 3% ,≥ 10岁占13 0 2 % ,与往年相比 ,2 0 0 3年大年龄组病人比例有增高的趋势。无免疫史或免疫史不详者占乙脑病例的82 0 3%。为了控制乙脑流行 ,5～ 6月在流行地区开展乙脑灭活疫苗应急接种 ,在非流行地区开展乙脑疫苗的查漏补种 ,适龄儿童报告接种率达 96 6 8% ( 5 5 4 4 4 81/5 7346 5 9)。结果使全省乙脑流行时间缩短了 1个月。为全面落实乙脑疫苗的预防接种 ,建议把乙脑疫苗纳入儿童计划免疫。
After a continuous low-level epidemic of encephalitis (JE) in Guangdong Province for 6 consecutive years (the incidence rate was 0 13/10 to 0 19/10), epidemic in some areas occurred in 2003. In order to understand its epidemiological characteristics, the monitoring data of JE were analyzed. The results showed that the epidemic of JE affected 19 cities in 21 cities in the province, with a prevalence of 0 5 0/10 million and a case fatality rate of 81.1%. Four of the four municipalities accounted for 6 8 4 9% (2 6 3/384) of the province’s cases. June peak incidence, the number of cases that month accounted for 6 5 10% of the number of cases. In JE cases, the proportion of patients aged ≤ 6 years was 57.5%, that of patients aged 9-9 years was 29.4%, and that of patients aged 10 years or older was 132.02%. Compared with previous years, the proportion of patients in the older age group was Increasing trend. No history of immunization or immunization unknown accounted for 82 0 3% of cases of JE. In order to control the epidemic of Japanese encephalitis, emergency vaccination of Japanese encephalitis inactivated vaccine was carried out in the endemic areas from May to June, and leak vaccination of JE vaccine was conducted in non-endemic areas. The reporting rate of 96 children (95.6%) was 5 65 4 4 81/5 7346 5 9). The result of the province’s JE epidemic reduced by 1 month. In order to fully implement the vaccination against JE vaccine, it is suggested that the JE vaccine be included in the planned immunization of children.