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脑出血又称脑溢血,是指大脑实质内的出血,与高血压病有直接关系,这是中老年人常见的急性脑血管病,病死率和致残率都很高。脑出血占所有脑中风病人的10%～20%。脑出血与高血压病的密切关系在于:高血压病人约有1/3的机会发生脑出血,而脑出血的病人有高血压的约占95%。脑出血的急救原则如果病人倒在厕所、浴池等狭小场所,要尽快设法移到宽敞的地方。原则是尽量不要震动头部,保持头部水平位搬运,以免堵住呼吸道。用止血药,常用止血敏、抗纤溶芳酸、维生素 K。止血药用量不可过大,种类不宜多。防止肺部感染和褥疮。尤其是脑出血昏迷的病人,早期给予抗生素预防肺部感染.定时翻身防止褥疮,活动肢体防止关节僵硬。
Cerebral hemorrhage, also known as cerebral hemorrhage, refers to the intraparenchymal hemorrhage, which is directly related to hypertension. It is a common acute cerebrovascular disease in the elderly with high mortality and morbidity. Cerebral hemorrhage accounts for 10% to 20% of all stroke patients. The close relationship between cerebral hemorrhage and hypertension is that about one third of patients with hypertension have a chance of developing cerebral hemorrhage, while those who have a cerebral hemorrhage account for about 95% of those with hypertension. First aid principle of cerebral hemorrhage If the patient fell to the toilet, bath and other small places, try to move to a spacious place as soon as possible. The principle is to try not to shake the head, keep the head level handling, so as not to block the respiratory tract. With hemostatic, commonly used to stop bleeding sensitive anti-fibrinolytic acid, vitamin K. Hemostatic dosage can not be too large, not many types. Prevent lung infection and bedsores. In particular, patients with cerebral hemorrhage coma, early antibiotics to prevent lung infection. Regular turn over to prevent bedsores, active limbs to prevent joint stiffness.