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目的了解辽宁省2002—2014年甲型病毒性肝炎(甲肝)的流行病学特征并提出控制建议。方法收集分析辽宁省2002—2014年法定报告传染病疫情中甲肝疫情资料。结果 2002—2014年辽宁省甲肝发病整体呈下降趋势,发病率下降了87.87%;全年均有发病,春季高峰逐渐被削平;病例主要集中在丹东、大连等沿海城市;发病年龄主要集中在青壮年,有发病高峰年龄后移现象;男性发病多于女性,男女性别比为1.93:1,呈下降趋势;职业以农民、家务及待业、工人为主。结论甲肝报告发病率逐年下降,甲肝疫苗预防接种为主的预防控制措施成效明显;应针对高发地区、重点人群制定防控策略。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis A virus (Hepatitis A) from 2002 to 2014 in Liaoning Province and to provide some suggestions for its control. Methods The data of hepatitis A in the epidemic situation of legal notifiable infectious diseases in Liaoning Province from 2002 to 2014 were collected and analyzed. Results The overall incidence of hepatitis A in Liaoning Province decreased from 87.87% in 2002-2014. The incidence of Hepatitis A in Liaoning Province was decreased by 87.87%. The incidence of Hepatitis A was gradually decreased in the whole year and the peak of Spring was gradually flattened. The cases mainly concentrated in coastal cities such as Dandong and Dalian. In the prime of life, there is a post-peak age shift phenomenon. The incidence of males is more than that of females, with a sex ratio of 1.93: 1 for males and females, showing a decreasing trend. Occupation is dominated by peasants, housework and unemployed workers. Conclusions The incidence of hepatitis A is declining year by year. The prevention and control measures with prevention and treatment of hepatitis A vaccine are the most effective. The prevention and control strategies should be formulated for high incidence areas and key populations.