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建筑节能降耗的技术改造,促使墙体改革朝着轻质高强多样化、保温隔热复合化、建筑材料新型化的方向发展,达到节能、节地、节材和利废的一目的,从而改善建筑使用功能,节约能源,减少污染,提高经济效益和社会效益。目前,从北京、西安、哈尔滨等地科研试点和示范工程的情况来看,建筑外墙保温隔热构造的具体做法归纳起来,可分为两大类六种构造型式。第一类是保温复合外墙,其中有:①内保温复合外墙,②夹心保温复合外墙,③外保温复合外墙。第二类是单一材料保温外墙,其中有:①加气混凝土外墙,②三七砖墙抹保温砂浆,③空心砖或空心混凝土砌块外墙。
The technological transformation of building energy-saving and consumption-reduction promotes the development of wall reform in the direction of light and high-strength diversification, thermal insulation and composite construction, and new construction materials, and achieves the goals of energy saving, land saving, material saving, and waste recycling. Improve the use of buildings, save energy, reduce pollution, improve economic and social benefits. At present, from the perspective of scientific research pilots and demonstration projects in Beijing, Xi’an, and Harbin, the specific practices of building external wall thermal insulation structures are summarized and can be divided into two broad categories of six structural types. The first type is the thermal insulation compound external wall, including: 1 internal thermal insulation composite external wall, 2 sandwich thermal composite external wall, and 3 external thermal insulation composite external wall. The second category is a single material thermal insulation exterior wall, including: 1 aerated concrete exterior wall, 2 37 brick wall wipe insulation mortar, 3 hollow brick or hollow concrete block exterior wall.