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目的:探讨输血相关性急性肺损伤（TRALI）患者血清B型钠尿肽（BNP）水平变化及其与肺损伤的相关性分析。方法:选择2018年5月至2020年5月四川省岳池县人民医院收治的200例行大量输血患者作为研究对象，按照输血6 h后是否发生TRALI分为TRALI组81例和非TRALI组119例。收集两组患者性别构成、年龄、体质量、吸烟史、原发疾病等一般资料，分别于输血前、输血后6 h采用免疫荧光法检测BNP，采用Murray肺损伤评分系统评定肺损伤程度，测定动脉血气分析指标，并记录血液制品输注量及种类，比较血清BNP水平变化与氧合指数、Murray肺损伤评分和血液制品的相关性。结果:两组患者在性别构成、年龄、体质量、吸烟史、氧合指数、原发疾病方面比较差异无统计学意义（n P<0.05）。输血后6 h，TRALI组Murray肺损伤评分、血清BNP水平高于非TRALI组[（0.77 ± 0.36）分比（0.07 ± 0.03）分、（82.62 ± 25.13）μg/L比（68.15 ± 20.15）μg/L]，氧合指数低于非TRALI组[（249.92 ± 66.29）mmHg（1 mmHg=0.133 kPa）比（323.05 ± 92.30）mmHg]，差异有统计学意义（n P<0.05）。相关性分析显示，TRALI患者血清BNP水平与Murray肺损伤评分呈正相关（n r=0.914，n P<0.001），与氧合指数呈负相关（n r=- 0.883，n P<0.001）。TRALI组库存1周以上红细胞悬液输注量、新鲜冰冻血浆输注量高于非TRALI组[（9.92 ± 3.61）U比（7.78 ± 2.81）U、（1 635.96 ± 413.88）ml比（1 382.15 ± 339.51）ml]，而去白红细胞输注量低于非TRALI组[（7.39 ± 2.98）U比（9.40 ± 2.28）U]，差异有统计学意义（n P<0.05）。相关性分析显示，血清BNP水平与库存1周以上红细胞悬液输注量、新鲜冰冻血浆输注量呈正相关（n r=0.719，n P<0.001；n r=0.736，n P<0.001），与去白红细胞输注量呈负相关（n r=- 0.705，n P0.05). After 6 h of blood transfusion, the Murray lung injury scores and serum BNP level in the TRALI group were significantly higher than those in the non-TRALI group: (0.77 ± 0.36) scores vs. (0.07 ± 0.03) scores, (82.62 ± 25.13) μg/L vs. (68.15 ± 20.15) μg/L; while the oxygenation index was significantly lower than that in the non-TRALI group: (249.92 ± 66.29) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) vs. (323.05 ± 92.30) mmHg, and the differences were statistically significant (n P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that the serum BNP was positively correlated with Murray lung injury score(n r=0.914, n P<0.001), and was negatively correlated with oxygenation index (n r=- 0.883, n P<0.001). The infusion volume of erythrocyte suspension over 1 week in stock and fresh frozen plasma infusion in the TRALI group were higher than those in the non-TRALI group: (9.92 ± 3.61) U vs. (7.78 ± 2.81) U, (1 635.96 ± 413.88) ml vs. (1 382.15 ± 339.51) ml; while the infusion of leukocyte-free was lower than that in the non-TRALI group: (7.39 ± 2.98) U vs. (9.40 ± 2.28) U, and the differences were statistically significant (n P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that serum BNP was positively correlated with the infusion volume of erythrocyte suspension over 1 week in stock and fresh frozen plasma infusion(n r=0.719, n P<0.001;n r=0.736, n P<0.001), and was negatively correlated with the infusion volume of leukocyte-free (n r=- 0.705, n P<0.001).n Conclusions:Serum BNP can be used as a biomarker for diagnosis of blood transfusion-related acute lung injury, which has guiding significance for monitoring the severity of the disease and the selection of blood products.