写作与世界的关系是复杂的,并时常引发争议。正因为此,作家们都小心地使用窗子来打比方加以阐释。什克洛夫斯基说:“对待艺术有两种态度:其一是把艺术作品看作世界的窗口。这些艺术家想通过词语和形象来表达词语和形象之外的东西。这种类型的艺术家堪称翻译家。其二是把艺术看作独立存在的事物的世界。词语和词语的关系、思想和思想的反讽,它们的歧异——这些是艺术的内容。如果一定要把艺术比喻为窗口,那么,它只是一个草草地勾勒出来的窗口。”(《动物园,或者不是情书》)显然, The relationship between writing and the world is complicated and often controversial. Because of this, writers are careful to use the window to explain the analogy. Shklovsky said: “There are two attitudes towards art: one is to look at works of art as the window of the world, and these artists want to express things other than words and images through words and images. The artist is a translator and the other is the world in which art is seen as an independent thing.The relationship between words and words, the irony of thought and thought, their differences - these are the contents of art.If we must compare art to Window, then it’s just a window that’s sloppy. ”(“ Zoo, or Love Letter ”) Obviously,