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目的对某机床生产加工企业进行职业病危害现状评价,找出关键控制岗位和关键控制点,提出相应的职业病控制措施。方法通过职业卫生现场调查、职业卫生检测等方法收集数据和资料,对该企业职业病危害现状进行评价。结果该企业存在的职业病危害因素有粉尘、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、一氧化碳、二氧化硫、二氧化氮、臭氧、紫外辐射、噪声及高温。检测结果:总粉尘检测8个岗位和呼尘5个岗位均不超标。毒物检测7个岗位时间加权平均(TWA)浓度不超标,喷漆甲苯和二甲苯短时间接触浓度(STEL)超标、电焊臭氧STEL最高浓度不超标。噪声检测6个岗位8 h等效连续A声级不超标。高温及紫外辐射检测2个岗位均未超标。结论该企业工作场所中职业病危害分类为较重,职业卫生状况基本达到国家卫生标准,其中铸造、喷漆等5个岗位为关键控制岗位,铸造的粉尘、喷漆的苯、甲苯、二甲苯等为关键控制点。企业的职业病危害控制措施基本有效,但应加强关键岗位的控制措施及制度的长效机制,保护职工的身体健康。
Objective To evaluate the status quo of occupational disease hazards in a machine tool manufacturing and processing enterprise, identify key control positions and key control points and put forward corresponding occupational disease control measures. Methods Collecting data and data through occupational health field investigation, occupational health examination and other methods to evaluate the status quo of occupational disease hazards in this enterprise. Results The occupational hazards of the enterprise include dust, benzene, toluene, xylene, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, ultraviolet radiation, noise and high temperature. Test results: total dust testing 8 positions and dust 5 positions are not exceeded. Toxicity detection Seven posts time-weighted average (TWA) concentration is not exceeded, spraying toluene and xylene short-term exposure concentration (STEL) exceeded, the highest concentration of welding ozone STEL does not exceed the standard. Noise detection 6 jobs 8 h equivalent continuous A sound level does not exceed the standard. High temperature and UV radiation detection 2 positions are not exceeded. Conclusion The occupational hazards in the workplace are classified as heavy and the occupational health status basically meets the national health standards. Among them, 5 positions such as foundry and painting are the key control positions, the foundry dust, the sprayed benzene, toluene and xylene are the key points Control points. The control measures of occupational hazards of enterprises are basically effective. However, the control measures of key posts and the long-term mechanism of the system should be strengthened to protect the health of workers and staff.