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目的了解德阳市院前急救患者流行病学特点,提高院前急救质量和管理水平。方法选用德阳市紧急救援指挥中心救护记录单为调查表,调查对象为2009年1月1日-2009年12月31日德阳市急救中心所有院前急救患者,共16 265例,采用现况研究。结果①16 265例患者平均年龄(45.23±17.46)岁,男女性别比为1.18∶1,职业以工人(38.26%,6223/16 265)最多。院前急救调度时间、到达时间、现场时间、返回时间分别为(1.89±0.82)min、(14.22±5.23)min、(14.33±4.34)min、(13.12±4.35)min。院前急救病种前5位是创伤(38.80%,6311/16 265,)、脑血管病(18.73%,3047/16 265)、心血管病(17.54%,2852/16 265)、呼吸系统疾病(9.67%,1573/16 265)、中毒(6.00%,975/16265)。院前急救病例一年中以冬夏季最多(62.99%,10 245/16 265);一天中以昼多夜少分布,高峰时间是8:00～24:00(86.74%,14 108/16 265)。院前急救出诊半径为(8.15±3.25)km,区域分布以市区为主(52.36%,8517/16 265),城郊与农村次之。②死亡病例与非死亡病例调度时间、到达时间、返回时间相比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),现场时间死亡病例比非死亡病例明显延长(P<0.05);院前死亡病例以>60岁最多,占54.30%(638/1175);死亡原因以脑血管疾病(28.34%,333/1175)、心血管疾病(24.94%,293/1175)和创伤(22.38%,263/1175)为主。结论德阳市院前急救有其自身的流行病学特点,本调查为德阳市院前急救的管理和建设提供了一定的参考依据。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of prehospital emergency patients in Deyang City and to improve the quality and management of first aid before hospitalization. Methods Deyang emergency rescue command center ambulance record questionnaire for the questionnaire, the survey was January 1, 2009 -2009 on December 31, Deyang Emergency Center for all pre-hospital emergency patients, a total of 16,265 cases, using the current situation study . Results (1) There were 16 265 patients (45.23 ± 17.46) years of age with a male / female ratio of 1.18: 1 and the highest occupations were workers (38.26%, 6223/1665). The pre-hospital emergency scheduling time, arrival time, on-site time and return time were (1.89 ± 0.82) min, (14.22 ± 5.23) min, (14.33 ± 4.34) min and (13.12 ± 4.35) min, respectively. The top five prehospital emergency types were trauma (38.80%, 6311/1665), cerebrovascular disease (18.73%, 3047/1665), cardiovascular disease (17.54%, 2852/1665), respiratory diseases (9.67%, 1573/1662), poisoning (6.00%, 975/166265). The number of hospital emergency cases was the highest in winter and summer (62.99% and 10 245/16 265) respectively. The distribution of daytime and nightless nights in one day was from 8:00 to 24:00 (86.74%, 14 108/16 265 ). The radius of pre-hospital emergency visits was (8.15 ± 3.25) km. The urban area was mainly urban (52.36%, 8517/1665), followed by suburban and rural areas. (2) There was no significant difference in dispatch time, arrival time and return time between death and non-death cases (P> 0.05). The deaths were significantly longer in non-death cases than in non-death cases (P <0.05) The age at 60 was the highest, accounting for 54.30% (638/1175). The causes of death were cerebrovascular disease (28.34%, 333/1175), cardiovascular disease (24.94%, 293/1175) and trauma (22.38%, 263/1175) the Lord. Conclusion Prehospital emergency treatment in Deyang City has its own epidemiological characteristics. This survey provides a reference for the management and construction of pre-hospital emergency care in Deyang City.