世界近代史的主线历来是史家们讨论的重点,本文以国家独立与统一为主题,试图说明世界近代历史纷繁复杂的历史进程和特点。一在西欧前资本主义社会,等级、地域间存在巨大差异和对立。整个社会缺乏沟通。当西欧诸国从封建社会向资本主义社会过渡时,近代民族开始形成,并开始追求建立近代民族国家,以实现民族的统一、独立与强大,于是出现了构建近 The main line of the modern history of the world has always been the focus of discussion among the historians. This article takes the theme of national independence and unity as an attempt to explain the complex historical process and characteristics of the modern history of the world. In pre-capitalist societies in Western Europe, there were great differences and oppositions between ranks and regions. The entire society lacks communication. When western European countries transitioned from a feudal society to a capitalist society, modern nations began to form, and they began to pursue the establishment of modern nation-states in order to realize the unity, independence, and power of the nation.