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利用2006～2007年度区域试验湖北武昌点的34个小麦新品种(系),对其产量及其相关的10个农艺性状进行了相关和通径分析。结果表明,参试小麦新品种(系)各性状值方差分析均达到极显著水平;产量与旗叶面积、旗叶长、穗粒数和旗叶宽相关极显著,其他各农艺性状间也存在着许多极显著相关性;通径分析表明,穗粒重、穗粒数和千粒重对产量的直接贡献最大,但三者在相互制约的同时,也是其他性状影响产量的主要因素。相关和通径分析一致表明,穗粒数是当前影响小麦高产育种的主要因素,通过适当增大旗叶性状来减少不孕小穗和小花数可增加穗粒数,是提高小麦产量水平的主要途径。
Using the 34 new wheat varieties (lines) from 2006 to 2007 in Wuchang of Hubei Province, the yield and related agronomic traits were analyzed and compared. The results showed that the analysis of variance of the traits of tested wheat new varieties (lines) reached extremely significant level. The yield was significantly correlated with the area of flag leaf, the length of flag leaf, the number of grains per spike and the width of flag leaf. There were also other agronomic traits There were many extremely significant correlations. Path analysis showed that grain weight per spike, grain number per spike and 1000-grain weight had the greatest direct contribution to the yield, but the three were the major factors that affected the yield of other traits. Correlation and path analysis consistently showed that the number of grains per spike was the main factor affecting high-yielding wheat breeding at present. Reducing the number of spikelets and florets by increasing flag leaf traits could increase the number of grains per spike, which was the main factor to increase the yield of wheat way.