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研究表明,寒地粳稻的遗传力以抽穗期为最高,穗长、株高、每穗粒数、千粒重依次降低,均在90%以上,而单株产量最低,育种工作在早世代对高遗传力性状可进行选择.遗传型相关分析揭示了各性状间遗传因素的密切程度,为直接选择和间接选择提供了依据.不同性状组合的复合性状,其遗传进度和选择指数亦各异.本文指出寒地粳稻育种最佳的选择指数是:y=x_7+0.8771x_2+1.8574x_5+6.9352x_(?),即:单株产量+千粒重+穗长+谷/草为佳,相对效率达到135.6194,利用上述选择指数方程进行选择评判,可以增强预见性,提高育种效率.
The results showed that the hereditary ability of japonica rice in winter was the highest in heading stage, and the ear length, plant height, grain number per panicle, and grain weight per thousand decreased in turn, all of which were more than 90%, while the yield per plant was the lowest. Genetic trait correlation analysis revealed the closeness of the genetic factors among the traits, which provided the basis for the direct selection and indirect selection.The composite traits of different traits combined with different genetic progress and selection index also pointed out The best selection index of japonica rice breeding in cold region was: y = x_7 +0.8771x_2 + 1.8574x_5 + 6.9352x_ (?), That is, per plant yield + 1000 grain weight + spike length + valley / grass was better, relative efficiency reached 135.6194, The selection index equation selection judgment, can enhance the predictability, improve breeding efficiency.