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目的研究温室土壤中有机提取物(extractable organic matter,EOM)的遗传毒性。方法采集并制备某蔬菜大棚土壤的EOM。40只健康10周龄清洁级昆明雄性小鼠随机分为5组:阴性对照(DMSO)组和低剂量(0.5 g/ml)、中剂量(1.5 g/ml)和高剂量(3 g/ml)EOM染毒组以及阳性对照(环磷酰胺,100 mg/kg体重腹腔注射,染毒2次)组,每组8只。采用灌胃方式进行染毒,每天1次,连续染毒4周。采用胞质分裂阻滞微核细胞组学试验检测有机提取物所致基因组不稳定表型和细胞毒性。结果随着有机提取物染毒浓度的增加,小鼠淋巴细胞微核细胞率、微核率、核质桥率、核芽率、细胞坏死率均呈上升趋势,双核细胞率和核分裂指数呈下降趋势,经相关分析,均P<0.05;而细胞凋亡率呈先升高后下降的趋势。结论温室土壤中有机提取物可以诱使小鼠外周血淋巴细胞产生基因组不稳定表型,并产生较强的细胞毒性,提示具有遗传毒性。
Objective To study the genotoxicity of extractable organic matter (EOM) in greenhouse soil. Methods Collection and preparation of a vegetable greenhouse soil EOM. Forty healthy Kunming male mice were randomly divided into 5 groups: negative control (DMSO) group and low dose (0.5 g / ml), medium dose (1.5 g / ml) and high dose ) EOM group and positive control group (cyclophosphamide, 100 mg / kg body weight by intraperitoneal injection twice a day). Gavage by way of exposure, 1 times a day, continuous exposure to 4 weeks. The genomic instability phenotype and cytotoxicity induced by organic extracts were detected by cytokinin-block micronuclear cell (HbA) cytotoxicity assay. Results With the increase of the concentration of organic extract, the rates of micronuclei, micronuclei, nucleus ponticula, nucleus pulposus and necrosis of lymphocytes in mice showed an upward trend and the rates of binucleated cells and mitotic index decreased Trend, the correlation analysis, P <0.05; and the rate of apoptosis increased first and then decreased. Conclusion Organic extracts in greenhouse soil can induce genomic instability phenotypes in peripheral blood lymphocytes of mice and produce strong cytotoxicity, suggesting that it is genotoxic.