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甜菜是我国重要的糖料作物之一,近几年种植面积不断扩大,总产量显著增加。但是含糖率波动较大,并有大幅度下降的趋势。据七省(区)千吨/日糖厂统计,甜菜丝糖份普遍较六十和五十年代下降0.5一1.5％(绝对值),年度间波动幅度为1.14—6.74％分析其原因,除了病虫害之外,主要是环境条件不利和氮素供应不合理等影响。特别是‘糖份积累期(收获前30—40天)降雨量增多,或氮素过量,施肥时期拖后都能引起甜菜地上部徒长,造成糖分降低。
Beet is one of the most important sugarcane crops in China. In recent years, its planting area has been continuously expanded and its total output has increased remarkably. However, the sugar content fluctuated greatly and showed a sharp decline. According to the statistics of seven thousand tons / day sugar factories in seven provinces (regions), the beet sugar content is generally 0.5-1.5% (absolute value) lower than that in the 1960s and the 1950s. The annual fluctuation range is 1.14-6.74% Pests and diseases are mainly caused by unfavorable environmental conditions and unreasonable nitrogen supply. In particular, the ’sugar accumulation period (30-40 days before harvest) increased rainfall, or nitrogen excess, drag the fertilization period can cause sugar beet grow up, causing sugar to reduce.