目的　鉴定所致抗生素相关性腹泻的艰难梭菌并用敏感药物进行治疗。方法　新鲜粪便标本在厌氧条件下进行细菌分离鉴定 ,可疑菌经小鼠毒素致死试验。用K -B法进行药敏试验并用敏感药物进行治疗。结果　 11例腹泻患者检出艰难梭菌 ,其检出率为 2 .9%。该菌对庆大霉素、氟哌酸、黄连素、痢特灵耐药各 11株 (10 0 % ) ,对甲硝唑、万石霉素、杆菌肽敏感各 11株 (10 0 % )。用敏感药物经 2周治疗 ,11例患者全部治愈。结论　细菌鉴定和药敏试验比较实用 ,对临床选择合理治疗药物提供依据。 Objective To identify C. difficile causing antibiotic-associated diarrhea and treat with sensitive drugs. Methods Fresh stool specimens were isolated and identified under anaerobic conditions. Suspected strains were lethally killed by mice. Susceptibility test with K-B method and treatment with sensitive drugs. Results Clostridium difficile was detected in 11 cases of diarrhea and the detection rate was 2.9%. The strains of gentamicin, norfloxacin, berberine, furazolidone resistance of 11 strains (10%), metronidazole, vancomycin, bacitracin sensitive 11 (10%) . After 2 weeks of treatment with sensitive drugs, all 11 patients were cured. Conclusion Bacterial identification and drug susceptibility tests are more practical and provide a basis for clinical choice of rational drug treatment.