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为克服我国反省机制在追究事故深层原因、保障反省效果、分配多方权责关系等方面的不足,选取4个国内外典型的重大灾难事件,剖析其反省过程,基于2004—2015年相关安全生产法律的修订情况及重大事故发生起数,探讨重大规制反省路径。分析发现,目前我国反省周期较短,反省力较弱,反省效果难以长久延续,我国现有的反省主体三角结构存在僵化缺陷,而欧美采用的四角制衡结构弹性较强。提出的反省机制总体框架,可明确从行为、社会、制度等3方面构建稳固有效的反省机制,从组织检讨、风险推演、改进、联动等4大机制内涵中提取有效反省保障体系。
In order to overcome the shortcomings of China’s introspection system in investigating the underlying causes of the accident, ensuring the effectiveness of introspection and assigning rights and responsibilities among multiple parties, four typical catastrophic catastrophes at home and abroad were selected to analyze the process of introspection. Based on the relevant laws on production safety in 2004-2015, Revision of the situation and the number of major accidents occurred to explore the path of major regulatory introspection. The analysis shows that at present China has a short period of introspection and a low degree of introspection, which makes it difficult to prolong the introspection effect. The existing triangular structure of our country’s introspection body has a rigid flaw. However, the four-angle system of checks and balances adopted in Europe and the United States is relatively flexible. The overall framework of the introspection mechanism can clearly establish a solid and effective introspection mechanism from the aspects of behavior, society and institution, and extract an effective introspection security system from the connotations of the four major mechanisms of organizational review, risk deduction, improvement and linkage.