为建立体外预测化疗药物敏感性的试验方法，指导急性白血病化疗方案的设计。对急性白血病患者４２例进行了体外药敏检测（ＭＴＴ法），研究了白血病细胞多药耐药基因Ｐ－糖蛋白（Ｐ－ｇｐ）的表达（ＡＰＡＡＰ法）与白血病化疗疗效的关系。结果显示，药敏试验与临床疗效明显相关，临床总符合率８２．９％，阳性符合率７８．９％，阴性符合率８６．９％。Ｐ－ｇｐ抗原的表达与临床疗效呈负相关，与临床耐药明显相关，阴性组患者缓解率（６７．９％）显著高于阳性组（２８．９％），Ｐ＜０．０５；复发率阳性组显著高于阴性组；Ｐ－ｇｐ的表达复发组患者较初诊组患者高（Ｐ＜０．０５）。提示多药耐药基因Ｐ－ｇｐ的表达和体外化疗药物敏感性的检测是判断临床耐药及指导临床化疗设计的重要指标 To establish a test method for predicting the sensitivity of chemotherapeutic drugs in vitro, to guide the design of an acute leukemia chemotherapy regimen. The in vitro drug susceptibility test (MTT method) was performed on 42 patients with acute leukemia. The relationship between the multidrug resistance gene P-glycoprotein (P-gp) expression (APAAP) and the efficacy of leukemia chemotherapy was studied. The results showed that the drug susceptibility test was significantly associated with clinical efficacy, with a total clinical compliance rate of 82.9%, a positive coincidence rate of 78.9%, and a negative coincidence rate of 86.9%. The expression of P-gp antigen was negatively correlated with clinical efficacy, and was significantly related to clinical drug resistance. The response rate of negative group (67.9%) was significantly higher than that of positive group (28.9%), P<0.05; The rate of positive group was significantly higher than that of negative group; P-gp expression was higher in the recurrence group than in the newly diagnosed group (P<0.05). It suggests that the expression of multidrug resistance gene P-gp and the detection of chemotherapeutic drug sensitivity in vitro are important indexes for judging clinical drug resistance and guiding clinical chemotherapy design