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按照马克思主义的观点，本质是事物的内部联系，由事物的内在矛盾所规定，是事物的比较深刻的一贯的和稳定的方面。列宁指出，人们的认识过程是“从现象到本质、从不甚深刻的本质到更深刻的本质”的深化的无限过程。又说：“人的思想由现象到本质，由所谓初级本质到二级本质，
According to Marxism, essence is the internal connection of things, which is stipulated by the inherent contradictions of things and is a relatively consistent and stable aspect of things. Lenin pointed out that the process of people’s awareness is an indefinite process of deepening “from the essence of phenomena to the essence of an immense to the deeper essence.” He added: "The human mind is transformed from phenomenon to essence, from so-called primary to secondary essence,