汉语“特点”之我见

来源 :厦大中文学报 | 被引量 : 0次 | 上传用户:yangqiding
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笔者从“如若要了解汉语,要认识汉语,要学习汉语,要研究汉语,最好对汉语要有这样的认识”这样的角度,说了自己对汉语的看法——(1)汉语是目前世界上历史最悠久而可以说基本上没有发生分化的语言;(2)汉语有纷繁复杂的方言,这既有对共同交际不利的一面,也有其承载独特中华文化、起到可视汉语发展轨迹的“活化石”作用这有利的一面;(3)作为记录汉语的书面符号汉字具有超越时空的特点,这对确保汉语不被分化为不同的语言,对增强中华民族的凝聚力,对维护中国的统一,立下了丰功伟绩;(4)汉语是节律性很强的语言,这对汉语的组词造句、对文学创作都有极大的影响;(5)汉语属于非形态语言,这一性质,决定了汉字和汉语的关系极为和谐,更在语法上呈现出让人们不能不注意的一系列现象;(6)汉语是语用强势语言,因而在语句表达上只要语境允许可大量省略,词序和虚词起到重要的作用,重话题因而句首成分不是主论元是常见的现象。文章最后说明,汉语自古至今多有变化,本文所谈内容主要就现代汉语来说的。 The author from the “If you want to understand Chinese, to understand Chinese, to learn Chinese, to study Chinese, it is best to have such understanding of Chinese ” such angle, said his view on Chinese - (1) Chinese is At present, there is a long history in the world that can basically say that there is no language that has differentiated. (2) There are numerous and complicated dialects in Chinese. This not only has a negative effect on common communication, but also carries unique Chinese culture and plays a role of visual Chinese development (3) The written Chinese characters as transcribed Chinese have the characteristics of transcending time and space. This will ensure that Chinese will not be differentiated into different languages, which will enhance the cohesion of the Chinese nation and maintain (4) Chinese is a rhythmic language, which has a great influence on the formation of sentences in Chinese, which has great influence on literary creation. (5) Chinese is a non-morphological language. Nature, determines the relationship between Chinese characters and Chinese is extremely harmonious, but also in grammar presents a series of phenomena that people can not and should not pay attention; (6) Chinese is a pragmatic language, so as long as the language allows a large number of language expressions can be omitted, word order Empty Words play an important role, so heavy topic sentence is not the main ingredient argument is a common phenomenon. Finally, the article shows that there are many changes in Chinese since ancient times, and the contents of this article mainly focus on modern Chinese.
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