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目的:调查某学校发生的一起胃肠炎暴发疫情,分析传播途径和传染来源。方法:于2010年3月7日至25日,在该学校查看缺课登记表、医务室门诊日志,设立临时报告系统等方法收集胃肠炎病例,病例定义采用症状指数方法,症状指数大于3者为病例。开展病例对照研究,分析发病危险因素。并采集病例标本,食品留样,水样等标本进行诺如病毒和致病菌检测。结果:共收集到20个病例,其中5例病例2型诺如病毒检测阳性。食物和饮水中未发现致病菌和诺如病毒。病例对照研究发现,洗手次数大于5次为发病的保护因素。结论:在校外感染的首例病例为本次疫情传染源,首例病例未及时隔离为疫情蔓延的主要原因。
Aim: To investigate a gastroenteritis outbreak in a school and analyze the routes of transmission and sources of infection. Methods: From March 7 to March 25, 2010, cases of gastroenteritis were collected at the school by reviewing the missing registration form, outpatient clinic log of outpatient department, setting up an interim report system and other methods. The symptom index was defined in the case definition and the symptom index was greater than 3 For the case. To carry out case-control studies, analysis of risk factors. And collected specimens, food samples, water samples for Norovirus and pathogens detection. RESULTS: A total of 20 cases were collected, of which 5 cases were positive for Norovirus type 2 test. Pathogens and Norovirus were not found in food and drinking water. Case-control study found that the number of hand-washing more than 5 times the incidence of protective factors. Conclusion: The first case of extra-school infection was the source of the outbreak. The first case was not isolated in time as the main cause of outbreak.