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东道国劳动力异质性对外商直接投资(FDI)区位选择的影响机制与程度一直被传统研究所忽视。本文从劳动力规模、劳动力质量、劳动力成本以及劳动力结构4个维度对东道国劳动力异质性进行全面考察。利用涵盖69个国家(地区)2000~2012年的面板数据进行实证分析,研究结果发现:以往经常被忽略的健康水平是影响FDI流入的重要因素,东道国较高的健康水平有利于促进FDI的流入;在教育方面,中等教育的普及有利于吸引发展中国家FDI的流入,高等教育的普及对FDI流入的影响不显著;在工资方面,东道国较低的工资水平有利于吸引FDI的流入;在人口结构方面,少儿抚养比与FDI的流入呈正相关关系,老年抚养比的影响不显著;另外,劳动力异质性对发展中国家的FDI区位选择有着较大影响,而对发达国家的影响不显著。
The mechanism and extent of the heterogeneity of labor force in the host country on the location choice of foreign direct investment (FDI) have been neglected by the traditional research. This paper examines the heterogeneity of labor force in the host country from the four dimensions of labor scale, labor force quality, labor cost and labor force structure. Using panel data covering 69 countries (regions) from 2000 to 2012, the empirical results show that: the health level that was often neglected in the past is an important factor affecting the inflow of FDI. The higher health level in the host country is conducive to the promotion of FDI inflow In terms of education, the popularization of secondary education is conducive to attracting FDI inflows in developing countries. The popularization of higher education has no significant effect on FDI inflows. In terms of wages, the lower wage level in host countries is conducive to attracting FDI inflows. In population In terms of structure, there is a positive correlation between the dependency ratio of children and the inflow of FDI, and the dependency ratio of the elderly is not significant. In addition, the heterogeneity of labor force has a greater impact on the choice of FDI location in developing countries, but not significant for the developed countries.