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对合成构词,褒贬者均有,有人将它归入派生构词法,或把它与复合及组合构词法混为一谈.然而不管语言学家看法如何,合成构词在阿拉伯语中的存在是客观事实,古已有之,近代更有增加的趋势.一、什么是合成构词合成构词在阿语中叫作(?).叙利亚语言学家马格里比说:“(?)的原义是‘砍,劈;雕,刻’,(?)在语言学术语中的含义是:从两个词或一句话中截取一部分,组成一个简略的词,说明原词或原句的含义.由于这种截取与劈木、凿石相仿,故将这种构词的方式称为(?)我们没有按原义将(?)译为“砍劈法”,而是根据它的构词方式译成“合成构词”,简称“合成法”.埃及当代语言学家阿卜杜·阿齐兹说:“合成构词就是把两个或两个以上的词经删节合成为一个词,合成后的词具有被合成的各部分的含义,如(?)从名词句(?)简化合成,表示原句含义“赞美真主’;又如(?),它由正偏组合(?)简化而来.再加上从属名词标志,合成为原正偏组合的从属名词,意为‘阿语师范学院的’、‘阿语师范学院毕业生’.”阿卜杜·高迪尔·马格里比:《派生与阿拉伯化》,第21页、埃及新月出版社.1908年.穆罕默德·哈桑·阿卜杜·阿齐兹:《阿拉伯语中的合成构词》,第7页,阿拉伯思想出版社.
However, no matter what the linguists think, the existence of compound words in Arabic is an objective fact. The ancient There is a trend of more modernity in the modern era.First, what is a synthetic word formation? The word is (?) In Arabic, and the Syrian linguist Magribi said: “(?) The original meaning is” Cut, chop, carving, carve ’, (?) In linguistic terms the meaning is: from two words or a sentence interception part of the composition of a simple word, indicating the original or the original meaning of the sentence. Because of this Interception and chopping wood, chisel stone is similar, so this word formation is called (?) We do not (@) by the original meaning translated as “cut split law”, but according to its word formation translated into “ Synthetic word formation, ”referred to as“ synthetic method. ”Egyptian contemporary linguist Abdul Aziz said:“ Synthetic word formation is the two or more words by the deletion of synthesis into one word, the synthesized word The meaning of each part that has been synthesized, such as (?) Is simplified and synthesized from the noun phrase (?), Means the original sentence means ”praise Allah“; (?) Simplify, coupled with the subordinate noun signs, synthesized as a subordinate of the original positive partial combination, meaning ’Albanian Normal College’, ’Albanian Normal University graduates’. ”Abdul high Deere Macribi: Derivation and Arabization, p. 21, Crescent Press, Egypt, 1908. Mohamed Hasan Abdul Aziz: “The Synthetic Word in Arabic” Page 7, Arabian Thought Press.