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目的：探讨多病毒感染时细胞免疫和ＮＫ，ＬＡＫ细胞活性的变化及其意义。方法：以 １种或多种病毒抗原，或ＩｇＭ抗体阳性的住院患儿６１例为观察对象，其中单病毒组３８例，多病毒组２３例。另设对照组３０例。采用ＥＬＩＳＡ法测定柯萨奇病毒（ＣＶＢ）抗原和ＩｇＭ抗体、ＥＢ病毒（ＥＢＶ）ＩｇＭ、巨细胞病毒（ＣＭＶ）ＩｇＭ、乙肝病毒（ＨＢＶ）血清标志物５项；单克隆抗体标记的间接ＡＢＣ免疫组化法测定Ｔ细胞亚群；~３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ标记法测定ＮＫ，ＬＡＫ细胞活性。结果：（１）病毒感染早期ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８比值，ＮＫ，ＬＡＫ细胞活性明显降低，ＣＤ８明显增高（Ｐ＜０．０１）。（２）单病毒感染恢复期ＬＡＫ细胞活性增强（Ｐ＜０．０１），ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８比值升高（ Ｐ＜０．０５）。（３）多病毒感染恢复期 ＮＫ，ＬＡＫ细胞活性较感染早期更为低下（Ｐ＜０．０５， Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论：单病毒感染随着病毒抗原抗体的清除，机体免疫系统能完成自身修复；多病毒感染对机体免疫系统的损害作用较为持久，应引起临床高度重视。
Objective: To investigate the changes of cellular immunity and NK, LAK cell activity in polyvirus infection and its significance. Methods: One or more viral antigens, or IgM antibody positive inpatients 61 cases were observed, including 38 cases of single virus group, 23 cases of multi-virus group. Another control group of 30 cases. The ELISA method was used to detect Coxsackie virus (CVB) antigen and IgM antibody, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) IgM, cytomegalovirus (CMV) IgM and hepatitis B virus (HBV) The T cell subsets were determined by histochemical method; the activity of NK and LAK cells was determined by ~ 3H-TdR labeling. Results: (1) The ratio of CD4 / CD8 in early stage of virus infection significantly decreased the activity of NK and LAK cells, while the level of CD8 increased significantly (P <0.01). (2) The activity of LAK cells in convalescent single virus infection was enhanced (P <0.01), and the ratio of CD4 / CD8 increased (P <0.05). (3) The NK and LAK cell activity in the convalescent phase of multi-virus infection was lower than that in the early stage of infection (P <0.05, P <0.01). Conclusion: With the removal of virus antigen and antibody, the immune system of the virus can complete its self-repair. The multi-virus infection has a long-lasting effect on the immune system and should be highly valued in clinic.