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海水淡化可有效解决核电厂淡水水源问题,其工艺主要包括蒸馏法和膜法。国内已运行的滨海核电厂大多设有海水淡化系统,并且均采用膜法海水反渗透工艺。本文根据某先进压水堆核电厂的特点,通过对蒸馏法的机械蒸汽压缩(MVC)及膜法的海水反渗透(SWRO)工艺的技术经济比较和研究,提出采用技术经济指标优、正常运行无需连续供应蒸汽、设备简单紧凑、运行维护方便、受海水水质和水温影响较小的MVC作为该核电厂的海水淡化工艺,为核电厂海水淡化的设计提供借鉴。
Desalination of seawater can effectively solve the problem of freshwater sources in nuclear power plants. The technology mainly includes distillation and membrane methods. Most of the coastal nuclear power plants in operation in China have seawater desalination systems, and membrane-based seawater reverse osmosis processes are used. According to the technical and economic comparison of mechanical vapor compression (MVC) of distillation method and seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) method of membrane method, according to the characteristics of an advanced pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant, it is proposed to adopt the technical and economic index superiority and normal operation MVC without continuous supply of steam, simple and compact equipment, convenient operation and maintenance, and less affected by seawater quality and water temperature, as the desalination process of the nuclear power plant, can provide reference for the desalination design of nuclear power plants.