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本文主要介绍了一种基于FPGA的高精度时间-数字转换器(TDC)。该TDC在设计上采用了粗计数与细时间测量相结合的技术。粗计数通过高性能的二进制计数器实现,细时间测量利用FPGA的快速进位链实现时间内插。为了改善测量分辨,在设计中借助Wave-Union方法对超大码宽进行了分割。为检验TDC的性能,对其进行了多项测试,获得较好的测试结果。该TDC在大于200ms的动态范围内的时间分辨率小于50ps。微分非线性(DNL)的范围为-1~1.5LSB,积分非线性(INL)的范围为-1.5~1.5LSB。该TDC将应用于In-beam PET影像装置中的飞行时间测量。
This article describes a high-precision FPGA-based time-to-digital converter (TDC). The TDC is designed with a combination of coarse counting and fine-time measurement. Rough count is achieved through a high-performance binary counter, which measures time using FPGAs’ fast carry chains. In order to improve the measurement resolution, using the Wave-Union method in the design of the large code size segmentation. To test the performance of TDC, a number of tests were conducted on it to obtain better test results. The TDC has a time resolution of less than 50ps over a dynamic range of more than 200ms. Differential non-linearity (DNL) ranges from -1 to 1.5LSB, and integral nonlinearity (INL) ranges from -1.5 to 1.5LSB. The TDC will be used in time-of-flight measurements in In-beam PET imaging devices.