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“5.12”汶川特大地震破坏性强,影响范围广,在地震区造成了大量的滚石、崩塌、滑坡、泥石流等次生山地灾害。汉源县是汶川8.0级大地震Ⅵ度烈度区内唯一的Ⅷ度异常区,是十分典型的远震烈度异常区,由于地震导致山体松动,因而触发了大量的崩塌、滑坡。以2009年8月6日四川省汉源县顺河乡境内猴子岩发生的大型崩塌滑坡为例,将滑坡划分成起动、运动、撞击3个阶段,根据大渡河堰塞坝的形成过程,运用滑坡几何学、滑坡运动学理论,论述了汉源高位山体崩滑的形成及机理;基于岩质滑坡动力学、能量平衡原理,分析了岩质山体崩塌滑坡的运动规律,并对各阶段的岩体介质速度进行了计算。计算结果表明:猴子岩崩滑全过程中,崩滑体运动速度呈先增大后减小的趋势,行程运动阶段的速度高于起动速度和撞击后速度。研究结果可为水库的设计及涌浪高度的确定提供基本参数,同时为边坡失稳及堰塞湖的防治提供理论依据。
The Wenchuan Earthquake was devastating and had a wide range of impacts. It caused a large number of secondary mountainous landslides such as rolling stones, landslides and landslides in the earthquake area. Hanyuan County is the only area of Ⅷ degree anomaly within the Ⅵ intensity region of the Wenchuan Ms 8.0 earthquake. It is a typical anomaly region of great earthquake intensity. A large number of landslides and landslides have been triggered due to loosening of mountains caused by earthquakes. Taking the large collapse landslide occurring in the monkey rock in Shunhe Hanyuan County, Hanyuan County, Sichuan Province on August 6, 2009 as an example, the landslide is divided into three stages: starting, moving and impacting. According to the formation process of Dadu River dam, Landslide Geometry and Landslide Kinematics Theory, the formation and mechanism of landslides and landslides in the Hanyuan Mountains are discussed. Based on the principle of rock mass landslide dynamics and energy balance, the movement laws of landslides in rock mass are analyzed, Body velocity was calculated. The results show that during the whole process of monkey rock collapse and collapse, the velocity of landslide increases first and then decreases, and the velocity of the stroke phase is higher than the initial velocity and the velocity after impact. The results provide the basic parameters for the design of the reservoir and the determination of the surge height, and provide the theoretical basis for the instability of the slope and the prevention and treatment of dammed lakes.