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喀喇昆仑公路堰塞湖改线段是中巴公路受地质灾害影响较重的一段,该段的隧道多是覆盖大面积松散崩坡积体的浅埋偏压隧道,隧道进洞施工难度大。以公路改线段2号隧道为例,对隧道入口洞顶松散崩坡积体进行注浆加固,结合现场监测,研究隧道加固处治的效果。结果表明,洞口处坡积体松散破碎,土石混杂,级配不良,稳定性差,需加固处理;进行注浆加固区洞顶沉降相比非加固区明显减小,水泥+水玻璃+石膏是最佳固化剂组合,且水灰比越大,注浆管径越大,加固效果越优;注浆加固是通过固化剂水化生成氢氧化钙、水化硅酸钙结散体作用及钙矾石膨胀填孔作用,提高松散崩坡积体整体性和强度,增强其抗变形能力。
The rerouting section of Karakorum Highway dammed lake is a section of CMB affected by geological disasters. The tunnel in this section is mainly a shallow-buried biased tunnel covering a large area of loose collapsed body. Tunneling is difficult to construct. Taking the No.2 tunnel on the section of highway re-routing as an example, grouting reinforcement is applied to the loosely landslide slope of tunnel entrance tunnel. Combined with on-site monitoring, the effect of tunnel reinforcement is studied. The results show that the slope aggregate at the entrance is loose and broken, the soil and stone are mixed, the grade is poor, the stability is poor, and the reinforcement is needed. The settlement of the roof of the grouting reinforcement area is obviously reduced compared with the non-reinforced area. Good combination of curing agent, and the greater the water-cement ratio, the larger the grouting diameter, the better the reinforcement effect; grouting reinforcement through the hydration of the curing agent to generate calcium hydroxide, hydrated calcium silicate dispersion and the effect of calcium alum Stone expansive pore filling, improve the integrity and strength of loose slope landslide, enhance its resistance to deformation.