苹果果实发育过程中,伴随果糖、葡萄糖和蔗糖的积累,淀粉含量经历了从低到高,又从高到低的变化。发育中后期,果实淀粉与可溶性糖呈现互为消长的变化。淀粉粒超微结构的变化表明,幼果期果肉细胞代谢旺盛,可观察到发育初期的造粉质体和大量的线粒体;发育中期是果实淀粉的主要累积期,整个造粉质体内充满淀粉;成熟期的果肉细胞呈现降解特征,淀粉粒大部分被降解,但淀粉粒表膜依然保持完整。还研究了淀粉代谢及淀粉粒超微结构变化与果实发育的关系。 During the fruit development of apple, starch content changed from low to high and from high to low with the accumulation of fructose, glucose and sucrose. In the middle and later development stages, changes of fruit starch and soluble sugar showed the changes of each other. The ultrastructural changes of starch granules showed that the fruit pulp cells were highly metabolized during the early fruit stage, and the early plastid plasmids and a large number of mitochondria were observed. The mid-growth stage was the main accumulation period of the fruit starch, and the whole amyloplast was filled with starch. The mature pulp cells showed degradation characteristics, most of the starch granules were degraded, but the starch granules remained intact. The relationship between starch metabolism and ultrastructural changes of starch grains and fruit development was also studied.