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长期高血糖导致微血管和大血管结构和功能的改变。血管内皮细胞(EC)是高血糖引起的不良影响的主要目标。血管干细胞可以生成为血管内皮祖细胞(EPCs)和间充质祖细胞(MPCs),对糖尿病患者意味着一种有吸引力的细胞治疗的方法。大量的研究报道EPC功能障碍作为新的因素,参与糖尿病并发症发生。识别EPCs以及这些祖细胞和造血干细胞之间的相似性的争论导致一些矛盾的结果。另一方面,尚未发现MPCs在并发症发病机制中存在作用。然而,这些多能细胞确实显示出治疗作用。我们在本文总结了糖尿病并发症中发生的血管改变以突出一些共同特征,其中关键的发现阐明了血管干细胞(VSCs)在慢性糖尿病并发症发病机制中的重要作用,并且提出这些细胞用于治疗的机制。
Long-term hyperglycemia leads to changes in the structure and function of capillaries and blood vessels. Vascular endothelial cells (ECs) are the main targets of the adverse effects caused by hyperglycemia. Angiogenic stem cells can be generated as endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and mesenchymal progenitor cells (MPCs), an attractive means of cell therapy in patients with diabetes. A large number of studies reported that EPC dysfunction as a new factor involved in the occurrence of diabetic complications. The controversy that identifies EPCs and the similarities between these progenitors and hematopoietic stem cells has led to some contradictory results. On the other hand, MPCs have not been found to play a role in the pathogenesis of complications. However, these pluripotent cells do show a therapeutic effect. Here we summarize the changes in blood vessels that occur in diabetic complications that highlight some common features, of which the key findings shed light on the important role of vascular stem cells (VSCs) in the pathogenesis of chronic diabetic complications and suggest that these cells be used for treatment mechanism.