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目的:对正常人鼓窦入口及鼓窦不同方向的直径进行CT测量及三维重建,检测其正常值范围。并对年龄、性别及侧别这3个因素分类后分别进行比较。方法:随机选取90例无耳部病变受试者,行矢状面、横断面及冠状面高分辨率CT扫描,后期对扫描图像进行鼓窦入口、鼓窦三维重建,左右径、上下径及前后径测量和分组对照分析。结果:不同年龄段鼓窦入口CT三维重建构像较为恒定,而鼓窦则较为多样;鼓窦入口左右径平均值为(5.19±1.39)mm,上下径为(5.74±1.16)mm。鼓窦左右径平均值为(8.27±1.41)mm(<6岁),(5.41±1.32)mm(≥6岁);上下径平均值为(11.78±1.65)mm(<6岁),(9.91±2.04)mm(≥6岁);前后径平均值为(12.25±1.23)mm(<6岁),(10.05±1.69)mm(≥6岁)。鼓窦入口左右径无年龄、性别和侧别差异(P>0.05),鼓窦入口上下径存在性别差异,即男性鼓窦入口上下径大于女性(P<0.05);鼓窦左右径、上下径及前后径均存在年龄间的差异(P<0.05),但无性别、侧别间的差异(P>0.05)。结论:正常人鼓窦入口影像学表现较为恒定,而鼓窦较为多样;不同性别鼓窦入口上下径存在显著性差异;不同年龄组间鼓窦左右径、上下径及前后径均存在显著性差异。
OBJECTIVE: To normalize the diameter of the entrance of the sinuses and the different directions of the drum sinus by CT measurement and three-dimensional reconstruction to detect the normal range. And the age, gender and side of these three factors were classified after the comparison. Methods: Totally 90 subjects without ear disease were selected for high resolution CT scan of the sagittal plane, transverse plane and coronal plane. In the later stage, the entrance of the sinuses, three-dimensional reconstruction of the sinuses, Anteroposterior diameter measurement and group comparison analysis. Results: The three-dimensional reconstructed CT images of the entrance of the sinuses of different age groups were relatively constant, while the shapes of the sinuses were more diverse. The average diameters of the left and right of the drums were (5.19 ± 1.39) mm and (5.74 ± 1.16) mm respectively. (8.27 ± 1.41) mm (<6 years) and (5.41 ± 1.32) mm (≥6 years) respectively. The average diameter of the upper and lower channels was (11.78 ± 1.65) mm (<6 years), (9.91 ± 2.04) mm (≥6 years). The mean anteroposterior diameter was (12.25 ± 1.23) mm (<6 years) and (10.05 ± 1.69) mm (≥6 years). There were no significant differences in age, sex and side (P> 0.05) between the left and right diameters of the sinonumustrum, but there was a gender difference in the diameter of the sinonasal entrance, that is, the diameter of the male drum was larger than that of the female (P <0.05) (P <0.05), but no difference between sex and side (P> 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The images of normal human drums at the entrance of the sinuses are relatively constant, but the drums are quite diverse. There are significant differences in the diameter of the entrance of the sinuses of different sexes. There are significant differences in the diameter of the sinuses, the diameters of the sinuses and the anteroposterior diameter between different age groups .