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在苏格兰北部的铀矿普查工作中,进行了河流底沉积、水和土壤的地球化学取样,同时配合进行闪烁辐射仪测量。借助于浅孔伽玛测量和氡气测量,以及对矿化漂砾进行的地质填图,确定了泥盆纪沉积和加里东花岗岩中的铀及其他矿化。在普查区的大部分地方,复盖层的厚度达到2米以上,其成分为泥炭、土壤、冰碛物以及局部发育的“残积”物质。尽管矿化上部的泥炭和土壤中的地球化学分布形式遭到次生作用的影响,在某泥炭沼泽中的金属富集仍可以作为附近花岗岩中矿化的找矿标志。河水、河流底沉积中的铀以及底沉积和泥炭质土壤中的铅富集也可用于圈定花岗岩中的矿化位置。根据泥炭质土壤中的金属含量、地表和深部的伽玛射线强度以及土壤气体中氡浓度的研究,测得了被数米厚度复盖层掩埋的泥盆纪矿化花岗质砂岩的吻合金属分散晕。地表伽玛异常从含铀冰碛层往下坡方向位移100米或更远。在土壤中见有铀、铜、铅和锌的类似分散晕。氡在复盖层中的分布很明显也往矿化的下坡方向位移,位移距离为数十米,而延伸达100米以上。在这种环境中,最有效的方法是小网格的浅孔伽玛测量,用来确定泥炭基底上或其附近的放射性。在比较平坦的地区,当铀矿化浸染体和中泥盆纪沉积构造上部的土壤复盖层不厚时,氡气和浅孔伽玛测量的结果在很大程度上是一致的。因此,它们比地表伽玛测量能更有效地圈定并扩大隐伏露头的铀矿化。
During the uranium mine census in northern Scotland, sediments, water and soil geochemical samples were taken from the bottom of the river and scintillation radiometer measurements were taken together. Uranium and other mineralizations in Devonian sediments and Caledonian granites were identified with the help of shallow-hole gamma and radon measurements, as well as geological mapping of mineralized boulders. In most parts of the census area, the overburden is over 2 meters thick and consists of peat, soil, moraine and locally developed “stubble” material. Despite the secondary effect of the geochemical distribution in peat and soil at the upper part of the mineralization, metal enrichment in a peat swamp can still serve as a prospecting indicator for mineralization in nearby granites. River water, uranium in river bottom sediments and lead enrichment in bottom sediments and peat soils can also be used to delineate mineralization sites in granites. Based on the metal content in peat soils, the gamma ray intensities at the surface and in the deep, and the radon concentrations in the soil gas, the anastomosis metal dispersion of Devonian mineralized granitic sandstone buried by several meters of caprock was measured gosh. Surface gamma anomalies move downhill from uranium moraine to 100 meters or more. There is a similar dispersion of uranium, copper, lead and zinc in the soil. The distribution of radon in the overburden is also clearly displaced towards the mineralized downhill, with a displacement of tens of meters and an extension of more than 100 meters. In this environment, the most efficient method is the shallow grid gamma measurement of small grids to determine the radioactivity on or near the peat base. In relatively flat areas, radon and shallow-hole gamma measurements are largely consistent when uranium mineralized dipping bodies and upper mid-Devonian sediments have a thick soil overburden. As a result, they can more effectively delineate and expand uranium mineralization of buried outcrops than surface gamma measurements.