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目的:研究全面评价早产儿营养状况的指标。方法:对40名早产儿和148名正常新生儿采用单向免疫扩散法测定脐血前白蛋白、白蛋白、总蛋白,用WFD-Y2型原子吸收分光光度计(火焰法)检测脐血微量元素水平。结果:①早产儿前白蛋白、白蛋白、总蛋白均低于正常对照组,差异有统计学意义(分别为P<0.001,P<0.01,P<0.01);②早产儿脐血清前白蛋白与白蛋白、总蛋白均呈正相关(r白=0.198,P<0.05,r总=0.214,P<0.05),与出生体重呈正相关(r体重=0.41,P<0.01);③早产儿脐血锌、铁低于正常对照组(P<0.05),血铜高于正常对照组(P<0.01);④前白蛋白含量与铁、铜、锌、钙、镁等微量元素无相关性。结论:前白蛋白是敏感的评价早产儿营养水平的蛋白质-能量指标,同时检测微量元素可全面地评价其营养状况。
Objective: To study the indicators for evaluating the nutritional status of preterm infants in an all-round way. Methods: Umbilical blood prealbumin, albumin and total protein were determined by unidirectional immunodiffusion in 40 premature infants and 148 normal newborns. Trace amounts of umbilical cord blood were measured by WFD-Y2 atomic absorption spectrophotometer (flame method) Elemental level. Preterm infant albumin, albumin, total protein were lower than the normal control group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.001, P <0.01, P <0.01); premature infant cord serum prealbumin (R = 0.198, P <0.05, r = 0.214, P <0.05), and had a positive correlation with birth weight (r body weight = 0.41, P <0.01) Zinc and iron were lower than those of the normal control group (P <0.05), blood copper was higher than that of the normal control group (P <0.01); ④ Prealbumin content had no correlation with trace elements such as iron, copper, zinc, calcium and magnesium. Conclusions: Prealbumin is a sensitive protein - energy index for assessing the nutritional status of preterm infants. Simultaneously, trace elements can be used to evaluate their nutritional status.