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采用盆栽试验,研究了控释肥料与水稻专用肥不同施用方式的氮素释放规律及水稻吸收动态。结果表明,控释肥料一次施用处理氮素释放高峰期出现在第8～10d,此后所保持的充足供氮期晚造为40～50d,早造为50～60d。专用肥一次施用处理氮素在1～3d内即达释放高峰,土壤较充足的供氮期仅为30～35d。水稻生长后期控释肥处理供氮水平仍高于专用肥一次施用和分次施用处理。控释肥处理晚造土壤氮素供应水平明显比早造高。控释肥处理的水稻植株在全生育期对氮和磷的吸收速率均较高,对钾的吸收速率前期较高,中后期较低,收获期植株的氮磷钾吸收累积量均高于专用肥处理。两造试验中一次性施用控释肥料均明显提高了肥料氮利用率,较专用肥分次施用和一次施用处理分别提高12.2%～13.5%和20.0%～22.7%,磷钾利用率也有较明显的提高。
A pot experiment was conducted to study the nitrogen release and the absorption dynamics of rice under different application modes of controlled release fertilizer and special rice fertilizer. The results showed that the release of controlled release fertilizer appeared in the first 8 to 10 days at the peak of nitrogen release and the later period of sufficient nitrogen supply was 40 to 50 days and 50 to 60 days later. The application of special fertilizers applied nitrogen in 1 ~ 3d to reach the peak, the sufficient nitrogen supply period was only 30 ~ 35 days. The level of nitrogen supply by controlled release fertilizer in the later stage of rice growth was still higher than that of the special type of fertilizer. Controlled release fertilizer late treatment of soil nitrogen supply significantly higher than the early high. The controlled release fertilizer-treated rice plants had higher rates of nitrogen and phosphorus uptake during the whole growth period, higher potassium absorption rate earlier and lower late-harvest and higher N, P and K uptake of plants at harvest Fertilizer treatment. In the two experiments, the single use of controlled release fertilizer significantly increased the fertilizer nitrogen utilization rate, which was 12.2% -13.5% and 20.0% -22.7% higher than that of the special fertilizer application by one application and one time application, respectively. Improve.