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1概述在全球工业生产、化学品仓库以及公路与铁路运输过程中涉及的有毒工业化学物质(toxic industrial chemicals,TICs)超过1 800种,其中一些化学品在第一次世界大战中被用作化学战剂。如果发生此类化学品的意外事故,或者此类化学品被用于恐怖袭击,仍然可以造成灾难性的后果。吸入TICs能够造成肺组织损伤,导致血浆和其他体液渗漏至肺泡,形成肺水肿,严重者可因窒息而死亡。根据解剖位置不同,呼吸系统可以分成两部分,即中央气道和外周气道。中央气道包括鼻咽、口咽、喉、气管和支气管,这一区域的组织非常潮湿
1 Overview Over 1,800 toxic industrial chemicals (TICs) are involved in global industrial production, chemical warehouses and road and rail transport, some of which were used as chemical in the First World War War agent. The occurrence of such chemical accidents or the use of such chemicals in terrorist attacks can still have catastrophic consequences. Inhalation of TICs can cause lung tissue damage, leading to the leakage of plasma and other body fluids to the alveoli, resulting in pulmonary edema, severe cases of death due to suffocation. Depending on the anatomic location, the respiratory system can be divided into two parts, the central airway and the peripheral airway. The central airway includes the nasopharynx, oropharynx, larynx, trachea and bronchus. The tissues in this area are very moist