“我国是一个统一的多民族国家”,这个理论提出后已广泛地被应用于研究。统一,就是一体;多民族,就是多元。一体与多元,在研究中势必为学术界所共识,成为当前研究中华民族历史与文化的一个重要的思考问题。研究中华民族历史与文化的基准,是古代国家政体的整体结构。后汉荀悦在《申鉴·政体》中,把我国古代国家的整体概念为“天下国家一体”。从历史发展看, “China is a unified, multi-ethnic country.” This theory has been widely applied to research after it was proposed. Unity, is one; multi-ethnic, is diversity. Integration and diversity, in the study is bound to be consensus of the academic community, as the current study of Chinese history and culture is an important thinking issue. The basis for studying the history and culture of the Chinese nation is the overall structure of the ancient state government. The post-Han Xun Yue in “Shen Jian political system”, the overall concept of our ancient country as “the world one country.” Viewed from historical development,