商品存在的社会条件是社会分工和私有制这种说法,已经被认为是马克思主义政治经济学的基本命题之一,普遍地写在教科书和通俗著作里,直至现在尚不见有人提出异议。而且这种说法,前一个时期被有的人抓住作为根据,证明公有制和商品经济不相容,在我国鼓吹私有化。据我所知,马克思并没有说过私有制是商品存在的必要社会条件。马克思集中阐述商品存在的条件问题是在他的《资本论》第一卷第一章里。他说:“各种使用价值或商品体的总和,表现了同样多种的,按照属、种、科、亚种、变种分类的有用劳动的总和,即表现了社会分工。这种分工是商品生产存在的条件”。接下去 The social conditions of existence of goods as social division of labor and private ownership have been considered as one of the basic propositions of Marxist political economy. They are commonly written in textbooks and popular works, and no objection has been raised until now. Moreover, this view was taken as a basis by some people in the previous period to prove that the public ownership is incompatible with the commodity economy and privatization is advocated in our country. As far as I know, Marx did not say that private ownership is a necessary social condition for the existence of commodities. The question of the conditions in which Marx focused on the existence of commodities lies in the first chapter of Volume I of his theory of capital. He said: “The sum of various values ​​of use or commodity represents the sum of the same kinds of useful labor classified according to genera, species, genera, subspecies, variety, that is, the social division of labor Conditions of production of goods ”. Go on