19世纪中后期起源于法国,后在东西方广泛流传的自然主义文学,陆续渗透于世界各国的文学领域,对世界文学产生了深远影响。本文拟通过阐述法、美、日、中四国自然主义文学的发展,揭示出其存在并得以传承的合理性和必然性。 Naturalistic literature, which originated in France in the middle and later part of the 19th century and was widely circulated in the East and the West, gradually permeated the literary fields of various countries in the world and exerted a profound influence on world literature. This article intends to reveal the rationality and necessity of its existence and inheritance by expounding the development of naturalistic literature in France, the United States, Japan and China.