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A 3D infinitely extended structural rare earth coordination compound with a formula of K3{[Sm(H2O)7]2Na[α-SiW11O39Sm(H2O)4]2}·14H2O has been synthesized by reaction of Sm2O3, HClO4, NaOH with α-K8SiW11O39·nH2O, and characterized by IR,UV spectra, ICP, TG-DTA, cyclic voltammetry, variable-temperature magnetic susceptibility and X-ray single-crystal diffraction.X-ray single-crystal diffraction indicates that the title compound crystallizes in a triclinic lattice, Pī space group, with a=1.2462(3) nm, b=1.2652(3) nm,c=1.8420(4) nm,α=87.45(3)°,β=79.91(3)°,γ=82.57(3)°,Z=1, R1=0.0778,wR2=0.1610.Structural analysis reveals that Sm3+(1) coordination cation has incorporated into the vacant site of [α-SiW11O39]8- entity,forming the [α-SiW11O39Sm(H2O)4]5- subunit.The two adjacent [α-SiW11O39Sm(H2O)4]5- subunits are combined with each other through two Sm(1)-O-W bridges accompanying the formation of dimmer structural unit [α-SiW11O39Sm(H2O)4]210- of the title compound.The neighboring dimmer structural units [α-SiW11O39Sm(H2O)4]210- are linked to form the 1D chainlike structure by means of two Sm3+(2) and a Na+(1) coordination cations.The K+(1) cations connect the 1D packing chains constructing the 2D netlike structure, and adjacent netlike layers are also grafted by K+(2) cations to build the novel 3D infinitely extended structure.The result of TG-DTA curves manifests that the decomposition temperature of the title polyanionic framework is 554℃.The cyclic voltammetry measurements show that the title polyanion has the two-step redox processes in aqueous solution with pH=3.1.Variable temperature magnetic susceptibility indicates the title compound obeys the Cruie-Weiss Law in the higher temperature range from 110 to 300 K, while in the lower temperature range from 2 to 110 K the comparatively strong antiferromagnetism interactions can be observed.