近年来,不少国家用人工引变方法,育成了一批农作物新品种,其中包括小麦、大麦、燕麦、水稻、花生、大豆、油菜、豌豆、番茄、烟草等多种作物。用人工引变法选育的新品种表现高产、抗病、早熟、抗倒等多种优良性状,同时还发现了高蛋白的品系。人工引变的主要方法有:(1)用 X 射线照射。(2)用γ射线照射。(3)用快速中子和热中子处理。(4)用辐射突变品种同其它 In recent years, many countries have bred new varieties of crops by artificial transformation, including wheat, barley, oats, rice, peanuts, soybean, rape, pea, tomato and tobacco. The new varieties bred by artificial variation method showed many excellent traits such as high yield, disease resistance, early maturity and anti-fall, and also found high protein strains. The main methods of artificial change are: (1) X-ray irradiation. (2) with γ-ray irradiation. (3) with fast neutron and thermal neutron treatment. (4) with radiation mutation varieties with other