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中央教科所《对我国部分省市普通高中情况的调查报告》指出:物理科是中学生最难学、最不喜欢和习题最难做的学科,尤以女生为甚.在教学实践中我们发现有的学生无论怎样用功,也难于理解概念、掌握规律.用他们的话说:“越想越想不通”.我们不妨把这种现象称为学习中的思维自锁,形成思维自锁有以下因素: ①学生原有认知结构,它包括个体知识结构、学习材料组织特征、信息加工模式和调节功能,其核心是思维能力,尤其是对研究对象观察、抽象、推理、想象的习惯方式与调整的灵敏度.一旦产生知识的负迁移,即产生较大的学习障碍。
The “Research Report on the Situation of Ordinary Senior High Schools in Some Provinces and Cities in China” published by the Central Institute of Science and Technology pointed out that the physics department is the most difficult subjects for middle school students to study, dislike, and exercise, especially for girls. In teaching practice, we found that No matter how hard the students work hard, it is difficult to understand the concepts and master the laws. In their words: “The more you think of, the more you can’t think of it.” We may call this phenomenon the self-locking of thinking in learning, and the formation of mental self-locking has the following factors: 1 The student’s original cognitive structure, which includes the individual knowledge structure, organizational characteristics of learning materials, information processing modes and regulation functions, and its core is the thinking ability, especially the habitual way of observing, abstracting, reasoning, and imagining the research objects and adjusting. Sensitivity. Once a negative transfer of knowledge occurs, there is a greater learning disability.