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目的分析甘肃省武威市肺结核病流行病学特征,为制定结核病防治措施提供科学依据。方法 2017年4月收集中国疾病预防控制信息系统中2011─2016年武威市籍肺结核病例的有关资料,用Excel建立数据库,采用Spss 17.0软件进行统计学分析,描述分析武威市肺结核病流行病学特征。结果 2011─2016年武威市累计报告肺结核病28 000例,年均报告发病率256.91/10万,发病率呈逐年上升趋势,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=80.48,P<0.05);春季报告发病明显高于其他季节,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=689.87,P<0.05);男性病例明显多于女性,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=27.56,P<0.05);15~64岁男性(χ~2=13.42)和女性(χ~2=28.23)青壮年肺结核病病人构成比逐年减少(均P<0.05),但65岁以上男性(χ~2=14.76)和女性(χ~2=27.21)老年肺结核病病人增加(均P<0.05);病人以农牧民为主,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=48.87,P<0.05);学生和教师肺结核病病人逐年下降,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=34.22,P<0.05)。结论武威市肺结核病防控形势严峻,应重点加强农牧民、家务待业及离退休老年人群的结核病防治工作,加大宣传教育力度,提高知晓率,从而降低发病率。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in Wuwei City of Gansu Province and provide a scientific basis for the development of tuberculosis prevention and control measures. Methods In April 2017, relevant data of cases of pulmonary tuberculosis cases from Wuwei City in China were collected from China Disease Prevention and Control Information System from 2011 to 2016. The database was built with Excel and analyzed by Spss 17.0 software. The epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis in Wuwei City were described and analyzed. . Results A total of 28 000 pulmonary tuberculosis cases were reported in Wuwei City from 2011 to 2016, with an average annual incidence rate of 256.91 / 100 000. The incidence rate showed an upward trend year by year with a significant difference (χ ~ 2 = 80.48, P <0.05) The incidence of the report was significantly higher than that of the other seasons (χ ~ 2 = 689.87, P <0.05). The male cases were significantly more than the female ones (χ ~ 2 = 27.56, P <0.05) The proportions of pulmonary tuberculosis patients in young adults aged 64 to 64 years (χ ~ 2 = 13.42) and in women (χ ~ 2 = 28.23) decreased year by year (all P <0.05) (χ ~ 2 = 27.21), elderly patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (all P <0.05); patients were dominated by peasants and herdsmen, with significant difference (χ ~ 2 = 48.87, P <0.05); students and teachers with pulmonary tuberculosis Decreased year by year, the difference was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 34.22, P <0.05). Conclusion The situation of prevention and control of tuberculosis in Wuwei City is severe. Emphasis should be laid on strengthening tuberculosis prevention and control among farmers and herdsmen, domestic workers and the retired elderly population. Publicity and education should be intensified to raise the awareness rate so as to reduce the incidence.