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大脑的血液供应来自两侧颈内动脉和两侧椎动脉。颈内动脉起于右侧者发自无名动脉,左侧者发自主动脉弓的颈总动脉分支处。颈总动脉与颈内动脉大小均较恒定,在颈段无血管分支。颈外动脉亦发自颈总动脉,正常不供血液至脑,但在颈内动脉或椎动脉闭塞时,则是重要的侧支循环来源。颈内动脉在颞骨岩部分出颈鼓支,在海绵窦段分出脑膜垂体支,而眼动脉则在海绵窦的远端分出。颈内动脉离床突后端约8毫米处分出后交通动脉,此动脉向后与大脑后动脉吻合。大脑后动脉的血液供应主要来自颈内动脉的一侧者占22％,双侧者占7％。
The brain’s blood supply comes from both internal carotid arteries and bilateral vertebral arteries. Internal carotid artery originated from the right side of the innominate artery, the left side of the common carotid artery branches from the aortic arch. Carotid artery and internal carotid artery size are more constant in the cervical vascular branches. External carotid artery is also originated from the common carotid artery, the normal blood supply to the brain, but in the internal carotid artery or vertebral artery occlusion, it is an important source of collateral circulation. The internal carotid artery in the petrous bone part of the neck drum branch, in the cavernous sinus segment of the pituitary branch, while the ophthalmic artery is separated in the distal cavernous sinus. Internal carotid artery from the back of the bed about 8 mm after the separation of traffic artery, the artery backward posterior cerebral artery anastomosis. The blood supply to the posterior cerebral artery mainly comes from the side of the internal carotid artery, which accounts for 22% and the bilateral, 7%.