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一、引言鲁德亚德·吉卜林是英国第一位荣膺诺贝尔文学奖的作家,他曾广受读者及评论家的好评。马克·吐温曾盛赞吉卜林的作品,称“它们对于我从来不会变得苍白,它们保持着缤纷的色彩;它们永远是新鲜的”[1]。如今,除了几部儿童作品依然广受欢迎外,吉卜林的盛名似乎已剥落殆尽。导致吉卜林声誉衰落的主要原因在于一些评论家指责其作品带有明显的种族主义和帝国主义色彩。其中,爱德华·萨义德在《东方学》和《文化与帝国主义》中,借助其“东方主义”理论,对吉卜林的长篇小说《基姆》进行了文本分析,认为《基姆》中充斥着种族主义、帝国主义话语,是部帝国主义代表作品,从而加固了吉卜林的“帝国主义作家”这一称号。
I. Introduction Rudelyed Kipling is the first British writer to win the Nobel Prize for Literature. He has won wide acclaim from readers and critics. Mark Twain once praised Kipling’s work, saying that “they never pale for me; they keep a colorful tone; they are always fresh” [1]. Today, with the exception of several children’s works, which continue to be very popular, Kipling’s reputation seems to have run out. The main reason that led to the decline of Kipling’s reputation was that some critics accused his work of manifest racist and imperialist overtones. Among them, Edward Said elaborates the text analysis of Kipling’s novel “Kim” in The Oriental Studies and Culture and Imperialism with his “Orientalism” theory, Mu “is full of racist and imperialist discourse and is a representative of the imperialist representative, thus reinforcing Kipling’s title of” imperialist writer. "