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柴达木盆地和莺歌海盆地都在一定深度和区域上普遍存在异常高压现象。通过对这2个盆地沉积和构造演化、超压特征及成因和油气成藏史3个方面的对比分析,阐述了盆地演化过程中油气运聚与压力系统演化之间的相互关系。研究表明,2个盆地的沉积演化都经历了沉积物快速堆积,形成了巨厚的烃源层,并且对应于盆地超压发育的主要层位;超压体系的分布受各沉积时期沉积中心和构造作用控制明显,超压顶界面基本呈现出中间高、向盆地边缘降低以至消失的特点。油气主要富集在超压顶界面附近及其上的常压系统内,在封闭和保存条件较好的深部也具有较大潜力。超压体系为油气运移提供动力条件,并在一定地质背景下控制着油气分布,同时油气成藏过程对盆地超压系统的产生和演化也具有重要影响。
The Qaidam Basin and Yinggehai Basin all have abnormal high pressure in a certain depth and area. Through the comparative analysis of sedimentary and tectonic evolution, overpressure characteristics, genesis and hydrocarbon accumulation history in these two basins, the relationship between hydrocarbon migration and accumulation and evolution of pressure system during the basin evolution is expounded. The results show that the sedimentary evolution of the two basins experienced a rapid accumulation of sediments and formed a huge hydrocarbon source layer corresponding to the major horizon of overpressure development in the basin. The distribution of overpressure system is affected by the sedimentary centers and The tectonic control is obvious. The overpressure top interface basically shows the characteristics of middle height, decreasing to the basin edge and disappearing. The major enrichment of oil and gas in the vicinity of the overpressure top interface and its atmospheric system, in the closed and the preservation of the better conditions also have great potential. The overpressure system provides the driving force for hydrocarbon migration and controls the distribution of oil and gas in a certain geological setting. Meanwhile, the process of hydrocarbon accumulation also has an important influence on the generation and evolution of overpressure systems in the basin.