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目的:β-catenin作为一种胞质内的糖蛋白,参与调节成骨细胞形成和骨骼发育。本实验观察β-catenin在大鼠前腭缝牵张成骨过程中的表达并探讨其作用。方法:将32只35天龄雌性SD大鼠随机分为实验组(n=20)和对照组(n=12)。实验组大鼠在上颌切牙上安放扩大簧,牵张前腭缝,对照组动物不加力,2组动物均在牵张骨缝1、3、5、7d的相同时间取前腭缝标本。采用甲苯胺蓝染色观察前腭缝成骨细胞的形态和分布,免疫组织化学染色检测β-catenin和骨桥蛋白(osteopontin,OPN)的表达。结果:在未牵张的前腭缝,成骨细胞沿着骨缝两侧稀疏排列,β-catenin主要在成骨细胞的细胞膜上表达。牵张1d后,前腭缝扩大,成骨细胞在骨缝两侧聚集分布,大部分细胞呈β-catenin和OPN阳性,β-catenin在成骨细胞的细胞膜和细胞质中均有表达,其表达量高于对照组;牵张3d后,骨缝边缘有明显类骨质沉积,大量细胞质呈β-catenin强阳性的成骨细胞积聚成树突状指向骨缝中央,而OPN在这些成骨细胞中表达较弱;牵张5d后,新骨呈树突状大量形成,β-catenin表达减弱,OPN则在新骨基质及埋在期间的成骨细胞内大量表达;7d后大片新骨形成,骨缝变窄。结论:上颌骨缝牵张成骨过程中,β-catenin在成骨细胞中表达,其表达量与表达部位和成骨细胞的成熟相关,提示β-catenin参与了成骨细胞分化的调节。
PURPOSE: β-catenin, a cytoplasmic glycoprotein, is involved in the regulation of osteoblast formation and skeletal development. The experiment observed β-catenin in rat anterior palatal suture during the process of stretch osteogenesis and explore its role. Methods: 32 35-day-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into experimental group (n = 20) and control group (n = 12). Rats in the experimental group were placed on the maxillary incisors to expand the spring, stretch the anterior palate, the control group of animals without force, the two groups of animals were in the stretch at the same time 1, 3, 5, 7d take the palate specimen . The morphology and distribution of osteoblasts in the palate were observed by toluidine blue staining. The expression of β-catenin and osteopontin (OPN) were detected by immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS: In untreated anterior palate suture, osteoblasts were sparsely arranged along both sides of the suture, and β-catenin was mainly expressed on the cell membrane of osteoblasts. After stretch for 1 day, the anterior palatal suture was expanded. Osteoblasts were clustered on both sides of the suture, most of them were positive for β-catenin and OPN. Β-catenin was expressed in the cell membrane and cytoplasm of osteoblasts, and its expression The amount of osteoblasts in the cytoplasm was β-catenin, and the amount of osteoblasts in the cytoplasm was β-catenin. The number of osteoblasts in the cytoplasm was significantly higher than that in the control group. , The expression of β-catenin was weakened. OPN was expressed in new bone matrix and osteoblasts which were buried in the osteoblasts. After 7 days, the massive new bone formed, Suture narrowed. CONCLUSION: β-catenin is expressed in osteoblasts during the process of distraction osteogenesis in the maxillary joint. The expression of β-catenin is related to the expression of osteoclasts and the expression of β-catenin, which indicates that β-catenin is involved in the regulation of osteoblast differentiation.