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目的了解武汉市汉阳区中小学入校新生结核菌素试验结果及肺结核患病状况,为制定结核病防控措施提供科学依据。方法于2012年9月对汉阳区46所中小学11 185名入学新生进行结核菌素(PPD)试验,对648名强阳性者摄X线胸片及痰抗酸杆菌检查。结果小学、初中及高中学生中PPD的强阳性率分别为4.0%,6.6%,7.0%,高中生PPD强阳性率高于小学生,差异有统计学意义(χ2=30.982,P<0.05)。检出初治涂阴肺结核患者6例,均给予全疗程免费治疗,均完成疗程且达到临床治愈标准。结论入学新生PPD监测可以早期发现和治疗肺结核病,避免进一步损害机体和传播他人,防止学校结核病暴发流行。
Objective To understand the results of tuberculin test and the prevalence of tuberculosis in freshmen in Hanyang District of Wuhan City and provide a scientific basis for the development of tuberculosis prevention and control measures. Methods In September 2012, 11 185 freshmen from 46 primary and secondary schools in Hanyang District were tested for tuberculin (PPD), and 648 strong positive persons were examined by X-ray and sputum acid-fast bacilli. Results The positive rates of PPD in primary, middle school and high school were 4.0%, 6.6% and 7.0%, respectively. The positive rate of PPD in high school students was higher than that in primary school students (χ2 = 30.982, P <0.05). Six patients with newly diagnosed smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis were detected. All patients were given free treatment for the whole course of treatment. All of them completed the course of treatment and reached the standard of clinical cure. Conclusion Admission PPD monitoring can detect and treat pulmonary tuberculosis early, to avoid further damage to the body and spread of others to prevent the outbreak of tuberculosis in schools.