在气体状态下冶金从古以来,炼铁一般都靠火,銅、鉛、錫等金属多半也是在各种冶炼炉中,用熊熊的烈火炼得的。这种冶金方法叫火法冶金。实质上,它是使矿石中的金属氧化物与碳起化学作用,碳和其中的氧化合而使金属氧化物还原为金属。所以,它也叫碳还原法。有些金属矿物,特别是低品位的有色金属和稀 In the gas state, metallurgy has always been relying on fire since ancient times. Copper, lead, tin and other metals have also been used in various smelting furnaces. This metallurgical method is called pyrometallurgy. In essence, it chemically reacts the metal oxides in the ore with carbon, and the carbon and the oxygen therein combine to reduce the metal oxides to metal. Therefore, it is also called carbon reduction method. Some metal minerals, especially low-grade non-ferrous metals and rare metals