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以镍为催化剂,在常压条件下,乙炔和氦气气氛中,利用电弧法合成无定型纳米碳管(ACNT)和纳米碳纤维(ACNF)。采用透射电镜(TEM)和拉曼光谱(Raman)对产物进行表征,并采用发射光谱(OES)对等离子体的形成过程进行在线诊断。TEM电镜观察结果表,ACNT和ACNF的直径在60～100 nm之间,而且ACNF可能转化成ACNT。Raman分析结果表明,阴极上形成的ACNT的石墨化程度要高于阳极上形成的ACNT或ACNF。OES结果表明,等离子体中有C2和CH活性物种生成,它们可能是形成ACNT和ACNF的前驱体。
Amorphous carbon nanotubes (ACNTs) and carbon nanofibers (ACNFs) were synthesized by arc method using nickel as a catalyst in an atmosphere of acetylene and helium at atmospheric pressure. The products were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Raman spectroscopy (Raman), and the emission spectra (OES) were used to diagnose the plasma formation. TEM TEM results showed that the diameter of ACNT and ACNF was between 60 and 100 nm, and ACNF could be transformed into ACNT. Raman analysis showed that the degree of graphitization of ACNT formed on the cathode was higher than that of ACNT or ACNF formed on the anode. The OES results show that C2 and CH active species are formed in the plasma, which may be precursors to the formation of ACNT and ACNF.