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目的:研究海训期间士兵的心理健康水平及其与应对方式的关系,为部队士兵的心理健康教育提供科学依据。方法:采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)和简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ),测评480名海训士兵的心理健康状况和应对方式,并进一步分析两者的相关性。结果:海训士兵SCL-90中的躯体化、恐怖和精神病性因子分值,显著高于国内常模;不会游泳组士兵在敌对、恐怖、偏执3个因子上得分显著高于会游泳组士兵;对海训心理有顾虑的士兵总均分和各因子得分均显著高于心理上无顾虑的士兵。此外,73.8%海训士兵有强烈的心理健康指导需求。SCSQ中积极应对方式和消极应对方式都显著低于常模;士兵的消极应对方式得分与SCL-90各因子得分呈显著正相关。结论:应高度重视海训士兵心理健康状况;消极应对方式不利于士兵的心理健康,要多培养和锻炼士兵对生活事件的积极应对方式和态度。
Objective: To study the mental health of soldiers and their relationship with coping styles during sea training, and to provide a scientific basis for mental health education of soldiers. Methods: The SCL-90 and SCSQ were used to evaluate the mental health status and coping style of 480 soldiers in sea training. The correlation between them was further analyzed. Results: The values of somatization, horror and psychotic factors in SCL-90 were significantly higher than those in domestic norms. The scores of hostile, terrorist and paranoid soldiers who were not swimming were significantly higher than those of swimmers Soldiers; Soldiers who have concerns about the psychology of the sea have a significantly higher overall average score and each factor score than those who are psychologically unaware. In addition, 73.8% of sea training soldiers have strong mental health guidance needs. SCSQ positive coping style and negative coping style were significantly lower than the norm model; Soldier’s negative coping style score and SCL-90 scores were significantly positive correlation. Conclusion: The mental health status of soldiers in maritime training should be attached great importance. Negative coping styles are not good for the mental health of soldiers. We should train and train more active coping styles and attitudes of soldiers on life events.