本文是美国海军实验室对应用最佳滤波进行飞机探测跟踪实验的报告。文中介绍了卡尔曼滤波和最大似然滤波的基本原理和使用方法,并且用系统仿真的方法对这两种滤波方法进行了计算量和性能的比较。这不仅对从事雷达跟踪的同志有一定的参考价值,在如何用系统仿真进行试验研究工作方面,对其它领域的同志也会有一定的启发。 This article is the report of the U.S. Navy’s Laboratory on the Application of Optimal Filtering for Aircraft Detection and Tracking Experiments. In this paper, the basic principles and using methods of Kalman filtering and maximum likelihood filtering are introduced, and the comparison of the computational complexity and performance of these two filtering methods is carried out by the system simulation method. This not only has certain reference value to the comrades engaged in radar tracking, but also has some enlightenment to other comrades in how to carry out experimental studies with system simulation.