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目的分析重庆市渝北区恶性肿瘤发病、死亡动态和流行趋势,为肿瘤防治提供科学依据。方法根据2015年重庆市渝北区恶性肿瘤登记报告资料对恶性肿瘤的发病及死亡情况进行流行病学分析。结果 2015年重庆区渝北区肿瘤粗发病率为310.99/10万,其中男性为374.48/10万、女性为245.36/10万,男性肿瘤发病率高于女性(χ~2=182.943,P<0.01);肿瘤粗死亡率为187.20/10万,其中男性为238.04/10万、女性为134.63/10万,男性肿瘤死亡率高于女性(χ~2=194.691,P<0.01),趋势卡方检验结果显示渝北区肿瘤发病率在各年龄组间差异有统计学意义(χ~2=195.003,P<0.01),死亡率在各年龄组间差异有统计学意义(χ~2=165.754,P<0.01)。50~岁组男性肿瘤发病率与死亡率均高于女性。男性恶性肿瘤发病和死亡均以肺癌、肝癌和食管癌居多;女性发病以肺癌、乳腺癌和肝癌居多,死亡则以肺癌、肝癌和宫颈癌居多。结论呼吸和消化系统肿瘤是威胁居民健康的主要肿瘤,女性乳腺癌和宫颈癌发病率较高。老年人群是恶性肿瘤的高危发病人群。
Objective To analyze the incidence and mortality trends and epidemic trends of malignant tumors in Yubei district of Chongqing, and provide a scientific basis for tumor prevention and treatment. Methods According to the data of malignant tumor registration in Yubei district of Chongqing in 2015, epidemiological analysis was made on the incidence and death of malignant tumor. Results The gross incidence rate of cancer in Yubei District in Chongqing was 310.99 / 100,000 in 2015, of which 374.48 / 100000 for males and 245.36 / 100000 for females. The incidence of cancer in males was higher than that in females (χ ~ 2 = 182.943, P <0.01) ). The crude tumor death rate was 187.20 / 100 000, including 238.04 / 100000 for males and 134.63 / 100000 for females. The mortality rate of cancer in males was higher than that in females (χ ~ 2 = 194.691, P <0.01). The trend chi square test The results showed that the incidence of tumor in Yubei District was significantly different among all age groups (χ ~ 2 = 195.003, P <0.01), and there was a significant difference in mortality among all age groups (χ ~ 2 = 165.754, P <0.01). The incidence of male cancer and mortality in 50 ~ age group were higher than those in female. Male cancer incidence and death are lung cancer, liver cancer and esophageal cancer mostly; female incidence of lung cancer, breast cancer and liver cancer are mostly deaths are lung cancer, liver cancer and cervical cancer mostly. Conclusion Breathing and digestive system tumors are the main tumors that threaten the health of residents. The incidence of breast cancer and cervical cancer in women is high. Elderly population is a high risk of malignant tumor patients.